how the force between two charges can be re-imagined as a force mediated by the electric field

Forces between charges can be understood in two ways that yield the same result: The Traditional View: The force between the two charges is a direct "action at a distance" interaction, as described by Coulomb's Law (represented by the single yellow arrow). The Field View: The force is an indirect, local interaction transmitted by the electromagnetic field. The total force on a charge can be calculated by summing up the stress the field exerts on an imaginary surface (represented by the many green arrows on the plane). The demo visually proves that these two perspectives are mathematically equivalent, demonstrating that electromagnetic fields carry momentum and can exert forces.

$\complement\cdots$Counselor

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