Graphite is an anisotropic material, meaning its properties, specifically its electrical conductivity, are not the same in all directions. The strong covalent bonds in the hexagonal carbon layers allow for a free and rapid flow of delocalized electrons. This is represented by the bright, fast-moving particles that move easily along the planes. The weak Van der Waals forces between the layers significantly restrict electron movement in the vertical direction. This is shown by the sparse, slow, and dim particles struggling to move between the layers.
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the high conductivity within the carbon sheets by showing a constant flow of bright and fast-moving particles along the hexagonal bonds